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2009-03-17
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关于几种煤的定义！ 1. 原煤（raw coal ）是指从地上或地下采掘出的毛煤经筛选加工去掉矸石、型焦成型机 焦煤成型机 黄铁矿等后的煤。煤矿生产出来的未经洗选、未经加工的毛煤也叫原煤。包括天然焦及劣质煤，不包括低热值煤等。按其炭化程度可划分为泥煤、褐煤、烟煤、无烟煤。原煤主要作动力用，也有一部分作工业原料和民用原料。 2. 洗精煤 (clenedcoal ), 是指经洗煤厂机械加工后，降低了灰分、硫分，外教口语 少儿英语 加拿大移民 去掉了一些杂质，适合一些专门用途的优质煤。包括炼焦用、非炼焦用的洗精煤和加热、动力用的洗混煤、洗块煤、洗末煤等。不包括洗中煤、矸石和煤泥。洗精煤可分为冶炼用炼焦洗精煤和其它用炼焦洗精煤。冶炼用的炼焦洗精煤，其粒度为小于50毫米、80毫米和100毫米三种；灰分小于或等于12.5%，简称冶炼精煤；其它用炼焦洗精煤，粒度也小于50、80、100毫米三种，灰分在12.5%-16%之间,简称其他精煤。 3. 电煤：即发电用煤。发电用煤质量要求： 电厂煤粉炉对煤种的适用范围较广，新加坡移民 VI设计 包装设计 它既可以设计成燃用高挥发分的褐煤，也可设计成燃用低挥发分的无烟煤。但对一台已安装使用的锅炉来讲，不可能燃用各种挥发分的煤炭，因为它受到喷燃器型式和炉膛结构的限制。发电用煤质量指标： ①挥发分。是判明煤炭着火特性的首要指标。挥发分含量越高，着火越容易。根据锅炉设计要求，供煤挥发分的值变化不宜太大，否则会影响锅炉的正常运行。如原设计燃用低挥发分的煤而改烧高挥发分的煤后，因火焰中心逼近喷燃器出口，可能因烧坏喷燃器而停炉；若原设计燃用高挥发分的煤种而改烧低挥发分的煤，则会因着火过迟使燃烧不完全，甚至造成熄火事故。因此供煤时要尽量按原设计的挥发分煤种或相近的煤种供应。 ②灰分。灰分含量会使火焰传播速度下降，灵芝孢子粉 秸秆气化炉 彩铝雨落水系统着火时间推迟，燃烧不稳定，炉温下降。 ③水分。水分是燃烧过程中的有害物质之一，它在燃烧过程中吸收大量的热，对燃烧的影响比灰分大得多。 ④发热量。为的发热量是锅炉设计的一个重要依据。由于电厂煤粉对煤种适应性较强，因此只要煤的发热量与锅炉设计要求大体相符即可。 ⑤灰熔点。由于煤粉炉炉膛火焰中心温度多在1500℃以上，雨落水系统 彩铝天沟 搪瓷反应釜在这样高温下，煤灰大多呈软化或流体状态。 ⑥煤的硫分。硫是煤中有害杂质，虽对燃烧本身没有影响，但它的含量太高，对设备的腐蚀和环境的污染都相当严重。因此，电厂燃用煤的硫分不能太高，一般要求最高不能超过2.5%。 4. 动力煤：从广义上来讲，凡是以发电、机车推进、锅炉燃烧等为目的，产生动力而使用的煤炭都属于动力用煤，简称动力煤。 火电厂用的煤炭质量对锅炉设计和生产过程都是重要的基本依据。不锈钢储罐 中央空调销售 中央空调维修 红外热像仪燃料煤的特性包括两个方面：一是煤特性，二是灰特性。煤特性指煤的水分、灰分、挥发分、固定碳、元素含量（碳、氢、氧、氮、硫）、发热量、着火温度、可磨性、粒度等。这些指标与燃烧、加工（例如磨成煤粉）、输送和储存有直接关系。灰特性指煤灰的化学成分、高温下的特性、以及比电阻等。这些特性对燃烧后的清洁程度，对钢材的腐蚀性以及煤灰的清除等有很大的影响。 动力用煤就类别来说，主要有褐煤、长焰煤、不粘结煤、贫煤；气煤以及少量的无烟煤。从商品煤来说，主要有洗混煤、洗中煤、粉煤、末煤等。劣质煤主要指对锅炉运行不利的多灰分（大于40%）低热值（小于15。73兆焦/千克）的烟煤、低挥发分（小于10%）的无烟煤、水分高热值低的褐煤以及高硫（大于2%）煤等。搅拌器 书架 波纹管燃用劣质煤是火电厂对社会的一项贡献。 5. 配煤（coal blending ）：炼焦煤准备的工序之一。炼焦或碳化前煤料的一个重要准备过程。即为了生产符合质量要求的焦炭，把不同煤牌号的炼焦用煤按适当的比例配合起来。 炼焦用煤品种较多，应用配煤技术，不仅能保证焦炭质量，还能合理利用煤炭资源，节约优质炼焦煤，扩大炼焦煤资源。配煤技术涉及煤的多项工艺性质、结焦特性和灰分、硫分、挥发分的配合性质和煤的成焦机理等。配煤试验一直是选定配煤方案、验证焦炭质量的不可缺少的配煤技术程序。配煤方法有配煤槽配煤和露天配煤厂配煤两种。碳酸钙 捏合机 石英玻璃 6. 型煤（mould coal）：型煤是以粉煤为主要原料，按具体用途所要求的配比，机械强度，和形状大小经机械加工压制成型的，具有一定强度和尺寸及形状各异的煤成品。 常见的有煤球、煤砖、煤棒、蜂窝煤等。 型煤分工业用和民用两大类。工业型煤有化工用型煤，用于化肥造气、蒸汽机车用型煤、冶金用型煤(又称为型焦)。民用型煤，又称为生活用煤，用于炊事和取暖，以蜂窝煤为主。北京铁艺 北京铁艺加工 冷冻干燥机 层析冷柜 型煤生产工艺有无黏结剂成型、有黏结剂成型、热压成型三种。 成型机械有冲压式成型机、对辊成型机、螺旋挤压机和蜂窝煤机等多种。、铀、磷、银等等。含钒石煤遍布我国20余个省区，仅浙江至广西一条长约1600多公里的石煤矿，就蕴含着1亿吨以上的五氧化二钒。 | |
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2012-06-07 14:09
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2012-05-31 11:55
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2012-05-28 12:08
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